The Impact Of Social Media On Adolescent Mental Health: A Psychological Perspective

Abstract

The rapid expansion of social media has significantly altered the patterns of interaction, communication, and identity formation among adolescents. This developmental stage is particularly sensitive, as young individuals grapple with psychological, emotional, and social challenges while shaping their self-concept. The increasing engagement of adolescents with digital platforms has generated both opportunities and risks for their mental health. On the positive side, social media offers avenues for social support, self-expression, and access to information, which can enhance well-being and a sense of belonging. However, excessive use is also associated with heightened risks of anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, cyberbullying, social comparison, and internet addiction. From a psychological perspective, these effects can be analyzed through theories of social learning, identity development, and emotional regulation. Recent empirical studies highlight a complex relationship, showing that outcomes vary depending on the intensity of use, type of content consumed, and the adolescent’s individual resilience. This study aims to examine the psychological implications of social media use on adolescents’ mental health, focusing on the interplay between digital exposure, cognitive development, and emotional well-being. By integrating psychological theories with contemporary findings, this research underscores the need for balanced interventions that encourage healthy digital habits, parental guidance, and institutional support. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how social media shapes the mental health of a generation immersed in digital culture and offer recommendations for mitigating harmful effects while maximizing benefits.